重庆网站建设推广公司,中文编程软件,产品展示类网站源码,做超市dm的网站今天学校有一台机器发现有块硬盘没有挂载#xff0c;然后叫我挂载一下#xff0c;这里记录一下 Linux 下新增硬盘分区、格式化硬盘、挂载硬盘的操作。查看当前硬盘首先我们查看一下当前的硬盘配置。使用命令sudo fdisk -l就可以看到目前的硬盘了。可以看到有块空的 sda(这里忘…今天学校有一台机器发现有块硬盘没有挂载然后叫我挂载一下这里记录一下 Linux 下新增硬盘分区、格式化硬盘、挂载硬盘的操作。查看当前硬盘首先我们查看一下当前的硬盘配置。使用命令sudo fdisk -l就可以看到目前的硬盘了。可以看到有块空的 sda(这里忘了复制输出了大家可以看到自己的硬盘就对了)。新增硬盘新建分区下面我们将使用 fdisk 命令来创建新的分区。首先进入我们需要操作的硬盘$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdasudo: unable to resolve host csc-server-0-2Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.Device does not contain a recognized partition table.The size of this disk is 7.3 TiB (7999376588800 bytes). DOS partition table format can not be used on drives for volumes larger than 2199023255040 bytes for 512-byte sectors. Use GUID partition table format (GPT).Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xcb6595dd.然后我们可以输入 m 来查看一下帮助信息。Command (m for help): mHelp:DOS (MBR)a toggle a bootable flagb edit nested BSD disklabelc toggle the dos compatibility flagGenericd delete a partitionF list free unpartitioned spacel list known partition typesn add a new partitionp print the partition tablet change a partition typev verify the partition tablei print information about a partitionMiscm print this menuu change display/entry unitsx extra functionality (experts only)ScriptI load disk layout from sfdisk script fileO dump disk layout to sfdisk script fileSave Exitw write table to disk and exitq quit without saving changesCreate a new labelg create a new empty GPT partition tableG create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition tableo create a new empty DOS partition tables create a new empty Sun partition table接下来由于我这里的硬盘大于 2TB所以不能直接新建分区需要先增加一个 GPT 标签。小于 2TB 的硬盘不需要这个操作。输入命令 g 回车。Command (m for help): gCreated a new GPT disklabel (GUID: B5039588-BAAA-4FA9-8537-35E03F40E7FD).然后我们看一下当前没有被分区的空间输入 F 回车Command (m for help): FUnpartitioned space /dev/sda: 7.3 TiB, 7999375523328 bytes, 15623780319 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesStart End Sectors Size2048 15623782366 15623780319 7.3T可以看到目前有 7.3TB 没有被分区。输入 n 新建一个分区。这里开始和结束都使用默认的即可这样整块硬盘都会被分进去如果想自己定义大小那么自己输入大小即可。Command (m for help): nPartition number (1-128, default 1):First sector (2048-15623782366, default 2048):Last sector, sectors or size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-15623782366, default 15623782366):Created a new partition 1 of type Linux filesystem and of size 7.3 TiB.再次输入 F 查看一下发现已经全都被分区了。Command (m for help): FUnpartitioned space /dev/sda: 0 B, 0 bytes, 0 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes然后我们输入 v 确认一下没有错误。Command (m for help): vNo errors detected.Header version: 1.0Using 1 out of 128 partitions.A total of 0 free sectors is available in 0 segments (the largest is (null)).如果没有错误就可以输入 w 保存了。Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered.Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.至此分区结束。格式化硬盘新增分区后需要格式化一下硬盘。首先我们还是查看一下当前的硬盘信息。使用 df -h 发现还是看不到刚刚新增的分区很正常因为还没有挂载。$ df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted onudev 63G 0 63G 0% /devtmpfs 13G 35M 13G 1% /run/dev/sdb2 343G 326G 0 100% /tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/locktmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sdb1 511M 3.4M 508M 1% /boot/efitmpfs 13G 16K 13G 1% /run/user/1003tmpfs 13G 0 13G 0% /run/user/1001tmpfs 13G 0 13G 0% /run/user/1002tmpfs 13G 0 13G 0% /run/user/1000再次查看所有硬盘会看到已经有一个 7.3TB 的分区。$ sudo fdisk -lsudo: unable to resolve host csc-server-0-2Disk /dev/sda: 7.3 TiB, 7999376588800 bytes, 15623782400 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisklabel type: gptDisk identifier: B5039588-BAAA-4FA9-8537-35E03F40E7FDDevice Start End Sectors Size Type/dev/sda1 2048 15623782366 15623780319 7.3T Linux filesystemDisk /dev/sdb: 477 GiB, 512110190592 bytes, 1000215216 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisklabel type: gptDisk identifier: 8D6EC320-DBA6-4239-9C96-EEBBD4E51C84Device Start End Sectors Size Type/dev/sdb1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System/dev/sdb2 1050624 732002303 730951680 348.6G Linux filesystem/dev/sdb3 732002304 1000214527 268212224 127.9G Linux swap然后我们开始格式化。$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1sudo: unable to resolve host csc-server-0-2mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)/dev/sda1 contains a ext3 file systemlast mounted on Tue Dec 19 11:09:41 2017Proceed anyway? (y,n) yCreating filesystem with 1952972539 4k blocks and 244121600 inodesFilesystem UUID: 785af015-7752-4f93-b314-ecb112757e7dSuperblock backups stored on blocks:32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544, 1934917632Allocating group tables: doneWriting inode tables: doneCreating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done格式化的时间比较长耐心等待直到它全部 done 即可。挂载分区格式化完成后就可以挂载分区了。$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /homesudo: unable to resolve host csc-server-0-2[sudo] password for we:这里需要输入一下 sudo 密码。然后我们再查看一下当前的硬盘$ df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted onudev 63G 0 63G 0% /devtmpfs 13G 35M 13G 1% /run/dev/sdb2 343G 326G 0 100% /tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/locktmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sdb1 511M 3.4M 508M 1% /boot/efitmpfs 13G 16K 13G 1% /run/user/1003tmpfs 13G 0 13G 0% /run/user/1001tmpfs 13G 0 13G 0% /run/user/1000/dev/sda1 7.3T 51M 6.9T 1% /home可以看到这块 7.3TB 的硬盘已经成功挂载到 /home 目录了。最后我们需要添加一下开机自动挂载。编辑 /etc/fstab 这个文件然后加入UUID785af015-7752-4f93-b314-ecb112757e7d /home ext4 defaults 0 2其中UUID 是之前格式化硬盘的时候显示的大家可以往上翻看一看。/home 就是挂载点。 ext4 是文件格式 defaults 不需要修改。最后 0 2建议也不修改。最后的 2 是针对所有非 boot 硬盘的设置成 0 也可以这样就是开机时候不检查这块硬盘。结语至此我们完成了在 Linux 上新增硬盘、新建分区、格式化硬盘、挂载分区等一系列的操作。
