成都手机网站建设哪,营销策划书模板范文,vps除了做网站还能做什么,排名前十的网页游戏1、SAN证书生成
SAN(Subject Alternative Name)是 SSL 标准 x509 中定义的一个扩展。使用了 SAN 字段的 SSL 证书#xff0c;可以扩
展此证书支持的域名#xff0c;使得一个证书可以支持多个不同域名的解析。接下来我们重新利用配置文件生成CA证书#xff0c;
再利用ca相…1、SAN证书生成
SAN(Subject Alternative Name)是 SSL 标准 x509 中定义的一个扩展。使用了 SAN 字段的 SSL 证书可以扩
展此证书支持的域名使得一个证书可以支持多个不同域名的解析。接下来我们重新利用配置文件生成CA证书
再利用ca相关去生成服务端的证书。
1.1 CA根证书生成
新建工作目录
[rootzsx cert]# pwd
/home/zhangshixing/cert新建一个配置文件ca.conf文件内容如下
[ req ]
default_bits 2048
distinguished_name req_distinguished_name[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default CN
stateOrProvinceName State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default SiChuan
localityName Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default Chengdu
organizationName Organization Name (eg, company)
organizationName_default Step
commonName CommonName (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name)
commonName_max 64
commonName_default tonghua依次执行下面的命令执行过程中遇到的填写国家之类的直接Enter跳过选择配置文件中默认的从而生成CA私
钥(ca.key)、签名请求(ca.csr)和签名证书(ca.pem)。
[rootzsx cert]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 635 Feb 16 19:53 ca.conf
[rootzsx cert]# openssl genrsa -out ca.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
...................................
......................
e is 65537 (0x10001)[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.key[rootzsx cert]# openssl req -new -sha256 -out ca.csr -key ca.key -config ca.conf
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ., the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:
State or Province Name (full name) [SiChuan]:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Chengdu]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Step]:
CommonName (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) [tonghua]:[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.csr ca.key[rootzsx cert]# openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in ca.csr -signkey ca.key -out ca.pem
Signature ok
subject/CCN/STSiChuan/LChengdu/OStep/CNtonghua
Getting Private key[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.csr ca.key ca.pem1.2 签发服务端证书
接下来创建服务端配置文件server.conf文件内容如下
[ req ]
default_bits 2048
distinguished_name req_distinguished_name[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default CN
stateOrProvinceName State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default SiChuan
localityName Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default Chengdu
organizationName Organization Name (eg, company)
organizationName_default Step
commonName CommonName (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name)
commonName_max 64
commonName_default tonghua
[ req_ext ]
# 添加subjectAltName
subjectAltName alt_names
# www.example.cn代表允许的ServerName
[alt_names]
DNS.1 www.example.cn
IP 127.0.0.1同样使用上面得到的CA根证书(ca.pem)签发服务端证书依次执行下面命令生成服务端的密钥、签名请求和签
名证书
# 服务端私钥
[rootzsx cert]# openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.......................................................................................................................................................
................................................
e is 65537 (0x10001)[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.csr ca.key ca.pem server.conf server.key# 服务端签名请求
[rootzsx cert]# openssl req -new -sha256 -out server.csr -key server.key -config server.conf
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ., the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:
State or Province Name (full name) [SiChuan]:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Chengdu]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Step]:
CommonName (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) [tonghua]:[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.csr ca.key ca.pem server.conf server.csr server.key# 用根证书签发服务端证书server.pem
[rootzsx cert]# openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -in server.csr -out server.pem -extensions req_ext -extfile server.conf
Signature ok
subject/CCN/STSiChuan/LChengdu/OStep/CNtonghua
Getting CA Private Key[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.csr ca.key ca.pem ca.srl server.conf server.csr server.key server.pem1.3 签发客户端证书
建立配置文件client.conf
[ req ]
default_bits 2048
distinguished_name req_distinguished_name[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default CN
stateOrProvinceName State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default SiChuan
localityName Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default Chengdu
organizationName Organization Name (eg, company)
organizationName_default Step
commonName CommonName (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name)
commonName_max 64
commonName_default tonghua
[ req_ext ]
subjectAltName alt_names
[alt_names]
DNS.1 www.example.cn
IP 127.0.0.1执行下面命令生成客户端密钥、证书等
[rootzsx cert]# openssl ecparam -genkey -name secp384r1 -out client.key[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.key ca.srl client.key server.csr server.pem
ca.csr ca.pem client.conf server.conf server.key[rootzsx cert]# openssl req -new -sha256 -out client.csr -key client.key -config client.conf
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ., the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:
State or Province Name (full name) [SiChuan]:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Chengdu]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Step]:
CommonName (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) [tonghua]:[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.key ca.srl client.csr server.conf server.key
ca.csr ca.pem client.conf client.key server.csr server.pem[rootzsx cert]# openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -in client.csr -out client.pem -extensions req_ext -extfile client.conf
Signature ok
subject/CCN/STSiChuan/LChengdu/OStep/CNtonghua
Getting CA Private Key[rootzsx cert]# ls
ca.conf ca.key ca.srl client.csr client.pem server.csr server.pem
ca.csr ca.pem client.conf client.key server.conf server.key1.4 双向认证
1.4.1 proto编写和编译
syntax proto3;
package proto;
option go_package ./base;base;service BaseService {rpc GetTime (TimeRequest) returns (TimeResponse) {}
}message TimeRequest {}message TimeResponse {string time 1;
}protoc --go_outpluginsgrpc:. base.proto1.4.2 服务端
package mainimport (contextcrypto/tlscrypto/x509pb demo/basegoogle.golang.org/grpcgoogle.golang.org/grpc/credentialsio/ioutillognettime
)const (// Address gRPC服务地址Address 127.0.0.1:8888
)type service struct {pb.UnimplementedBaseServiceServer
}func main() {// TLS认证// 从证书相关文件中读取和解析信息,得到证书公钥、密钥对cert, err : tls.LoadX509KeyPair(./cert/server.pem, ./cert/server.key)if err ! nil {log.Fatalln(cert err: , err)}// 初始化一个CertPoolcertPool : x509.NewCertPool()ca, err : ioutil.ReadFile(./cert/ca.pem)if err ! nil {log.Fatalln(ca err: , err)}// 解析传入的证书,解析成功会将其加到池子中certPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(ca)// 构建基于TLS的TransportCredentials选项creds : credentials.NewTLS(tls.Config{// 服务端证书链,可以有多个Certificates: []tls.Certificate{cert},// 要求必须验证客户端证书ClientAuth: tls.RequireAndVerifyClientCert,// 设置根证书的集合,校验方式使用 ClientAuth 中设定的模式ClientCAs: certPool,})// 实例化grpc ServerrpcServer : grpc.NewServer(grpc.Creds(creds))// 创建带ca证书验证的服务端pb.RegisterBaseServiceServer(rpcServer, service{})// 设置传输协议和监听地址listen, err : net.Listen(tcp, Address)if err ! nil {log.Fatalln(listen err: , err)}log.Println(Listen on Address with TLS)rpcServer.Serve(listen)
}// 实现接口
func (s *service) GetTime(ctx context.Context, in *pb.TimeRequest) (*pb.TimeResponse, error) {now : time.Now().Format(2006-01-02 15:04:05)return pb.TimeResponse{Time: now}, nil
}[rootzsx demo]# go run server.go
2023/02/16 20:53:13 Listen on 127.0.0.1:8888 with TLS1.4.3 客户端
package mainimport (contextcrypto/tlscrypto/x509pb demo/basefmtgoogle.golang.org/grpcgoogle.golang.org/grpc/credentialsio/ioutillog
)const (// Address gRPC服务地址Address 127.0.0.1:8888
)func main() {// TLS连接// 从证书相关文件中读取和解析信息,得到证书公钥、密钥对cert, err : tls.LoadX509KeyPair(./cert/client.pem, ./cert/client.key)if err ! nil {log.Fatalln(cert err: , err)}certPool : x509.NewCertPool()ca, err : ioutil.ReadFile(./cert/ca.pem)if err ! nil {log.Fatalln(ca err: , err)}certPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(ca)creds : credentials.NewTLS(tls.Config{//客户端证书Certificates: []tls.Certificate{cert},//注意这里的参数为配置文件中所允许的ServerName,也就是其中配置的DNSServerName: www.example.cn,RootCAs: certPool,})// 连接服务端conn, err : grpc.Dial(Address, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(creds))if err ! nil {log.Fatal(err)}defer conn.Close()client : pb.NewBaseServiceClient(conn)reps, err : client.GetTime(context.Background(), pb.TimeRequest{})// 初始化客户端if err ! nil {log.Fatal(err)}fmt.Printf(grpcClient response is %s\n, reps.Time)
}[rootzsx demo]# go run client.go
grpcClient response is 2023-02-16 20:53:301.5 单向认证
1.5.1 服务端
package mainimport (contextpb demo/basegoogle.golang.org/grpcgoogle.golang.org/grpc/credentialslognettime
)type service struct {pb.UnimplementedBaseServiceServer
}func main() {creds, err : credentials.NewServerTLSFromFile(./cert/server.pem, ./cert/server.key)if err ! nil {log.Fatal(err)}Address : 127.0.0.1:8888//创建带ca证书验证的服务端rpcServer : grpc.NewServer(grpc.Creds(creds))pb.RegisterBaseServiceServer(rpcServer, service{})listen, _ : net.Listen(tcp, Address)log.Println(Listen on Address with TLS)rpcServer.Serve(listen)
}// 实现接口
func (s *service) GetTime(ctx context.Context, in *pb.TimeRequest) (*pb.TimeResponse, error) {now : time.Now().Format(2006-01-02 15:04:05)return pb.TimeResponse{Time: now}, nil
}[rootzsx demo]# go run server1.go
2023/02/16 20:53:55 Listen on 127.0.0.1:8888 with TLS1.5.2 客户端
package mainimport (contextpb demo/basefmtgoogle.golang.org/grpcgoogle.golang.org/grpc/credentialslog
)func main() {creds, err : credentials.NewClientTLSFromFile(./cert/server.pem, www.example.cn)if err ! nil {log.Fatal(err)}conn, err : grpc.Dial(127.0.0.1:8888, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(creds))if err ! nil {log.Fatal(err)}defer conn.Close()client : pb.NewBaseServiceClient(conn)resp, err : client.GetTime(context.Background(), pb.TimeRequest{})if err ! nil {log.Fatal(err)}fmt.Printf(grpcClient response is %s\n, resp.Time)
}[rootzsx demo]# go run client1.go
grpcClient response is 2023-02-16 20:54:14# 项目结构
$ tree demo/
demo/
├── base
│ └── base.pb.go
├── base.proto
├── cert
│ ├── ca.conf
│ ├── ca.csr
│ ├── ca.key
│ ├── ca.pem
│ ├── ca.srl
│ ├── client.conf
│ ├── client.csr
│ ├── client.key
│ ├── client.pem
│ ├── server.conf
│ ├── server.csr
│ ├── server.key
│ └── server.pem
├── client1.go
├── client.go
├── go.mod
├── go.sum
├── server1.go
└── server.go
