工信部网站备案号查询,自己建一个影视网站要怎么做,网站核验单 没有网站 怎么办,网站怎么做关键词流量HttpWebRequest类与HttpRequest类的区别。 HttpRequest类的对象用于服务器端#xff0c;获取客户端传来的请求的信息#xff0c;包括HTTP报文传送过来的所有信息。而HttpWebRequest用于客户端#xff0c;拼接请求的HTTP报文并发送等。 HttpWebRequest这个类非常强大#xf…HttpWebRequest类与HttpRequest类的区别。 HttpRequest类的对象用于服务器端获取客户端传来的请求的信息包括HTTP报文传送过来的所有信息。而HttpWebRequest用于客户端拼接请求的HTTP报文并发送等。 HttpWebRequest这个类非常强大强大的地方在于它封装了几乎HTTP请求报文里需要用到的东西以致于能够能够发送任意的HTTP请求并获得服务器响应(Response)信息。采集信息常用到这个类。在学习这个类之前首先有必要了解下HTTP方面的知识。 一、简单示例 我们先来一个最简单的就是紧紧输入一个网址就获取响应。代码如下 class Program{static void Main(string[] args){HttpWebRequest request (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(http://www.baidu.com); //创建一个请求示例HttpWebResponse response (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); //获取响应即发送请求Stream responseStream response.GetResponseStream();StreamReader streamReader new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);string html streamReader.ReadToEnd();Console.WriteLine(html);Console.ReadKey();}} OK就是这么简单了真的这么简单吗发送一个HTTP请求真的这么简单。但是要做出很多功能就不简单了。你需要详细了解下HTTP方面的知识比如HTTP请求报文之类的。 二、模拟登录 下面来个复杂点的这次是获取登录之后的页面。登录之后的请求用什么实现呢呵呵用到是cookie。在拼接HTTP请求的时候连着cookie也发送过去。 namespace ConsoleApplication1
{class Program{static void Main(string[] args){HttpHeader header new HttpHeader();header.accept image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/x-silverlight, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, application/x-ms-application, application/x-ms-xbap, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/xamlxml, application/x-silverlight-2-b1, */*;header.contentType application/x-www-form-urlencoded;header.method POST;header.userAgent Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022);header.maxTry 300;//在这里自己拼接一下Cookie不用复制过来的那个GetCookie方法了原来的那个写法还是比较严谨的CookieContainer cc new CookieContainer();Cookie cUserName new Cookie(cSpaceUserEmail, 742783833%40qq.com);cUserName.Domain .7soyo.com;Cookie cUserPassword new Cookie(cSpaceUserPassWord, 4f270b36a4d3e5ee70b65b1778e8f793);cUserPassword.Domain .7soyo.com;cc.Add(cUserName);cc.Add(cUserPassword);string html HTMLHelper.GetHtml(http://user.7soyo.com/CollectUser/List, cc, header);FileStream fs new FileStream(D:\123.txt,FileMode.CreateNew,FileAccess.ReadWrite);fs.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(html),0,html.Length);fs.Flush();fs.Dispose();Console.WriteLine(html);Console.ReadKey();}}public class HTMLHelper{/// summary/// 获取CooKie/// /summary/// param nameloginUrl/param/// param namepostdata/param/// param nameheader/param/// returns/returnspublic static CookieContainer GetCooKie(string loginUrl, string postdata, HttpHeader header){HttpWebRequest request null;HttpWebResponse response null;try{CookieContainer cc new CookieContainer();request (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(loginUrl);request.Method header.method;request.ContentType header.contentType;byte[] postdatabyte Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postdata); //提交的请求主体的内容request.ContentLength postdatabyte.Length; //提交的请求主体的长度request.AllowAutoRedirect false;request.CookieContainer cc;request.KeepAlive true;//提交请求Stream stream;stream request.GetRequestStream();stream.Write(postdatabyte, 0, postdatabyte.Length); //带上请求主体stream.Close();//接收响应response (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); //正式发起请求response.Cookies request.CookieContainer.GetCookies(request.RequestUri);CookieCollection cook response.Cookies;//Cookie字符串格式string strcrook request.CookieContainer.GetCookieHeader(request.RequestUri);return cc;}catch (Exception ex){throw ex;}}/// summary/// 获取html/// /summary/// param namegetUrl/param/// param namecookieContainer/param/// param nameheader/param/// returns/returnspublic static string GetHtml(string getUrl, CookieContainer cookieContainer, HttpHeader header){Thread.Sleep(1000);HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest null;HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse null;try{httpWebRequest (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(getUrl);httpWebRequest.CookieContainer cookieContainer;httpWebRequest.ContentType header.contentType;httpWebRequest.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit header.maxTry;httpWebRequest.Referer getUrl;httpWebRequest.Accept header.accept;httpWebRequest.UserAgent header.userAgent;httpWebRequest.Method GET;httpWebResponse (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();Stream responseStream httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream();StreamReader streamReader new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);string html streamReader.ReadToEnd();streamReader.Close();responseStream.Close();httpWebRequest.Abort();httpWebResponse.Close();return html;}catch (Exception e){if (httpWebRequest ! null) httpWebRequest.Abort();if (httpWebResponse ! null) httpWebResponse.Close();return string.Empty;}}}public class HttpHeader{public string contentType { get; set; }public string accept { get; set; }public string userAgent { get; set; }public string method { get; set; }public int maxTry { get; set; }}
} 这样获取到的就是登录之后的页面了。 三、模拟表单提交 再来一个例子运用HttpWebRequest来模拟表单的提交先新建一个MVC项目里面只有这些代码 [HttpPost]
public ActionResult Index(string userName,string userPassword)
{string str 你提交过来的用户名是: userName ,密码是: userPassword;Response.Write(str);return View();
} 然后启动该项目再新建另外一个项目,用于模拟提交表单然后注意路径填写的是刚才建的那个MVC项目。 static void Main(string[] args){HttpWebRequest request null;HttpWebResponse response null;CookieContainer cc new CookieContainer();request (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(http://localhost:2539/);request.Method POST;request.ContentType application/x-www-form-urlencoded;request.UserAgent Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:19.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/19.0;string requestForm userName1693372175userPassword123456; //拼接Form表单里的信息byte[] postdatabyte Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(requestForm);request.ContentLength postdatabyte.Length;request.AllowAutoRedirect false;request.CookieContainer cc;request.KeepAlive true;Stream stream;stream request.GetRequestStream();stream.Write(postdatabyte, 0, postdatabyte.Length); //设置请求主体的内容stream.Close();//接收响应response (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();Console.WriteLine();Stream stream1 response.GetResponseStream();StreamReader sr new StreamReader(stream1);Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadToEnd());Console.ReadKey();} 输出结果如下所示 四、模拟上传 血的教训注意路径不能写错否则在对流进行操作时Write就会报错 HttpWebRequest request (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(http://localhost:9170/upload/test); 客户端 class Program{/** * 如果要在客户端向服务器上传文件我们就必须模拟一个POST multipart/form-data类型的请求 * Content-Type必须是multipart/form-data。 * 以multipart/form-data编码的POST请求格式与application/x-www-form-urlencoded完全不同 * multipart/form-data需要首先在HTTP请求头设置一个分隔符,例如7d4a6d158c9 * 我们模拟的提交要设定 content-type不同于非含附件的post时候的content-type * 这里需要 (Content-Type, multipart/form-data; boundaryABCD); * 然后将每个字段用“--7d4a6d158c9”分隔最后一个“--7d4a6d158c9--”表示结束。 * 例如要上传一个title字段Today和一个文件C:\1.txtHTTP正文如下 * * --7d4a6d158c9 * Content-Disposition: form-data; nametitle * \r\n\r\n * Today * --7d4a6d158c9 * Content-Disposition: form-data; name1.txt; filenameC:\1.txt * Content-Type: text/plain * 如果是图片Content-Type: application/octet-stream * \r\n\r\n * 这里是1.txt文件的内容 * --7d4a6d158c9 * \r\n * 请注意每一行都必须以\r\n结束value前面必须有2个\r\n包括最后一行。 */static void Main(string[] args){string boundary ---------- DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString(x);//元素分割标记 StringBuilder sb new StringBuilder();sb.Append(-- boundary);sb.Append(\r\n);sb.Append(Content-Disposition: form-data; name\file1\; filename\D:\\upload.xml \);sb.Append(\r\n);sb.Append(Content-Type: application/octet-stream);sb.Append(\r\n);sb.Append(\r\n);//value前面必须有2个换行
HttpWebRequest request (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(http://localhost:9170/upload/test);request.ContentType multipart/form-data; boundary boundary;//其他地方的boundary要比这里多-- request.Method POST;FileStream fileStream new FileStream(D:\123.xml, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Read);byte[] postHeaderBytes Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sb.ToString());byte[] boundaryBytes Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(\r\n-- boundary \r\n);//http请求总长度 request.ContentLength postHeaderBytes.Length fileStream.Length boundaryBytes.Length;Stream requestStream request.GetRequestStream(); requestStream.Write(postHeaderBytes, 0, postHeaderBytes.Length);byte[] buffer new Byte[checked((uint)Math.Min(4096, (int)fileStream.Length))];int bytesRead 0;while ((bytesRead fileStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) ! 0){requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);}fileStream.Dispose();requestStream.Write(boundaryBytes, 0, boundaryBytes.Length);WebResponse webResponse2 request.GetResponse();Stream htmlStream webResponse2.GetResponseStream();string HTML GetHtml(htmlStream, UTF-8);Console.WriteLine(HTML);htmlStream.Dispose();}} 测试服务器端地址 public ActionResult Test(){HttpRequest request System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request;HttpFileCollection FileCollect request.Files;if (FileCollect.Count 0) //如果集合的数量大于0{foreach (string str in FileCollect){HttpPostedFile FileSave FileCollect[str]; //用key获取单个文件对象HttpPostedFilestring imgName DateTime.Now.ToString(yyyyMMddhhmmss);string AbsolutePath FileSave.FileName;FileSave.SaveAs(AbsolutePath); //将上传的东西保存}}return Content(键值对数目 FileCollect.Count);} 转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/a-dou/p/5755229.html
